What does FIP look like in cats? - briefly
Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) is characterized by its two main forms: wet and dry. In the wet form, fluid accumulation occurs in the abdomen or chest, while the dry form presents with systemic illness such as weight loss, fever, and neurological symptoms.
What does FIP look like in cats? - in detail
Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) is a severe and often fatal disease caused by a coronavirus that affects domestic cats worldwide. The clinical manifestations of FIP can vary widely, but they generally fall into two forms: wet (effusive) and dry (non-effusive).
In the wet form of FIP, the most distinctive symptom is the accumulation of fluid in the body cavities, particularly the abdomen and chest. This excess fluid, known as effusion, can lead to a noticeable swelling or distention of the belly and sometimes the neck area. The fluid buildup occurs because the virus triggers an excessive immune response that causes inflammation and leakage from small blood vessels. As a result, cats may appear bloated and their gait may be affected due to discomfort and weakness. Other symptoms associated with the wet form include lethargy, loss of appetite, weight loss, and occasionally, difficulty breathing if fluid accumulates in the chest cavity.
The dry form of FIP presents with a different set of symptoms, primarily affecting internal organs without significant fluid buildup. Common signs include persistent fever that does not respond to antibiotics, anemia (low red blood cell count), and elevated liver enzymes indicating liver damage. Cats may also exhibit neurological symptoms such as seizures, paralysis, or changes in behavior, which can vary depending on the part of the nervous system affected by the infection. Additionally, dry FIP can cause inflammation and thickening of body cavities, leading to adhesions that can restrict organ movement and function.
Regardless of the form, FIP is a progressive disease that often leads to severe health complications if left untreated. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are crucial for improving the cat's chances of recovery. Veterinarians typically rely on a combination of clinical signs, laboratory tests such as blood work and radiography, and sometimes biopsies to confirm a diagnosis of FIP.
In conclusion, recognizing the various manifestations of FIP is essential for prompt intervention and better outcomes in feline health care.