What does a cat's coat color depend on? - briefly
A cat's coat color is determined by genetic factors, including the combination of genes inherited from its parents, which control pigment production and distribution in the fur.
What does a cat's coat color depend on? - in detail
A cat's coat color is determined by a complex interplay of genetic factors that influence the production, distribution, and expression of pigments in the fur. The primary pigments involved are eumelanin, which produces black and brown colors, and pheomelanin, responsible for red and orange hues. The genes responsible for coat color are located on the X chromosome, which is why certain colors, like red and orange, are sex-linked and more commonly seen in male cats due to their single X chromosome. The agouti gene controls whether the coat displays a banded pattern (tabby) or a solid color, while the white spotting gene determines the presence and extent of white patches. Additionally, the dilution gene modifies the intensity of the colors, turning black into gray or blue and orange into cream. Other genes, such as those for albinism or temperature-sensitive mutations, can further alter coat appearance. Environmental factors, such as exposure to sunlight or nutritional status, may also subtly influence coat color over time. The combination of these genetic and environmental elements results in the vast array of coat colors and patterns observed in cats.