Why is leukemia contagious in cats? - briefly
Leukemia in cats is primarily caused by the feline leukemia virus (FeLV), which is highly contagious among felines. This virus can be transmitted through contact with infected cats' saliva, urine, feces, or blood, making it a significant health concern for cat populations.
Why is leukemia contagious in cats? - in detail
Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection is highly contagious among cats due to several factors that facilitate its transmission and spread. Firstly, FeLV is shed in high concentrations by infected cats through saliva, nasal secretions, urine, feces, and milk. This widespread shedding increases the likelihood of virus transmission through direct contact with these bodily fluids. Secondly, the virus is quite robust and can survive for extended periods outside the host's body, maintaining its infectivity on surfaces and in the environment.
Moreover, FeLV can be transmitted both horizontally (between cats) and vertically (from mother to kitten). Horizontal transmission occurs through mutual grooming, shared litter boxes, and aggressive interactions like biting and scratching. Vertical transmission from an infected queen to her kittens is particularly significant because it often results in lifelong infection for the offspring.
Additionally, FeLV can integrate into the host's genome, leading to persistent infection and continuous shedding of the virus. This genetic integration not only contributes to the chronic nature of FeLV but also enhances its ability to evade the immune system, further promoting its spread among feline populations.
Understanding these transmission dynamics is crucial for veterinary professionals and cat owners in implementing effective prevention strategies, such as vaccination, isolation of infected cats, and maintaining a clean environment to minimize virus exposure.