Why don't cats eat smelt? - briefly
Cats are obligate carnivores with specific dietary needs that include high levels of protein and certain amino acids like taurine. Smelts, being small oily fish, do not provide the necessary nutrients in sufficient amounts to meet a cat's dietary requirements.
Why don't cats eat smelt? - in detail
Cats, as obligate carnivores, have specific dietary requirements that are distinct from those of other animals. Their digestive systems are designed to process meat efficiently, and their bodies require particular nutrients found primarily in animal-based proteins. Smelt, a type of small fish often consumed by humans, may not align with these requirements for several reasons.
Firstly, cats have evolved to consume diets high in protein and fat, which are essential for maintaining their overall health and energy levels. While smelt does contain protein, it is typically lower in fat compared to the preferred prey of cats such as birds or small mammals. Cats require a diet that is about 50% protein by dry matter, and smelt may not meet this high protein requirement effectively.
Secondly, cats have a unique metabolic need for specific amino acids, particularly taurine and arginine, which are crucial for their vision, heart function, and overall health. These amino acids are found in abundance in the meat of prey animals but may be lacking or present in insufficient quantities in smelt. The absence or low concentration of these essential nutrients in smelt makes it an unsuitable food source for cats.
Moreover, cats have a strong preference for fresh meat and are not naturally inclined to consume fish unless it is part of their natural hunting behavior. In the wild, cats do not typically hunt or eat small fish like smelt; instead, they prefer land-based prey that provides the necessary nutrients and satiety. This innate aversion to fish could be attributed to evolutionary adaptations that have shaped their feeding habits over millennia.
Lastly, there is a potential risk associated with feeding cats raw fish, including smelt. Raw fish can contain bacteria such as Salmonella or Listeria, which can be harmful to cats. Additionally, fish may contain thiaminase, an enzyme that breaks down thiamine (Vitamin B1), leading to a deficiency if consumed in large amounts over time. This risk is further exacerbated by the fact that cats have a lower tolerance for raw fish compared to humans, making smelt an unsafe choice for their diet.
In conclusion, while smelt may be a nutritious food for humans, it does not meet the specific dietary needs and preferences of cats. Ensuring that cats receive a balanced diet rich in the necessary proteins, fats, and amino acids is crucial for their health and well-being. It is always best to consult with a veterinarian to determine the most appropriate diet for a cat's individual needs.