Why does a cat have pus in its uterus? - briefly
A cat may have pus in its uterus due to an infection, commonly known as pyometra. This condition can occur after the heat cycle when bacteria enter the uterus and multiply, leading to the accumulation of pus.
Why does a cat have pus in its uterus? - in detail
Pus in a cat's uterus, or pyometra, is a serious condition that requires immediate veterinary attention. This infection typically occurs when hormonal changes in the body cause the uterine lining (endometrium) to thicken and retain secretions. Here’s a detailed look at why this happens:
During the estrus cycle of a cat, progesterone levels increase significantly. Progesterone is responsible for maintaining the endometrial lining in preparation for potential pregnancy. In cases where the cat does not become pregnant, the elevated progesterone levels prevent the uterus from shedding its lining, leading to a condition known as cystic endometrial hyperplasia-complex (CEH). This thickened and inflamed uterine lining can trap secretions and debris within the uterus.
Over time, the retained secretions create an ideal environment for bacterial growth. Common bacteria that cause pyometra include Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species. These pathogens thrive in the stagnant, nutrient-rich fluid and can quickly multiply, leading to a purulent infection—pus formation.
The pus accumulates within the uterus, causing it to enlarge significantly. This condition is painful for the cat and can lead to systemic illness if left untreated. The pus may also leak into the abdominal cavity, causing peritonitis, a severe infection that requires immediate intervention.
Early detection and prompt treatment are crucial. Veterinarians typically diagnose pyometra through a combination of physical examination, blood tests, and ultrasound imaging. The most effective treatment for pyometra is surgical removal of the uterus (ovariohysterectomy). This not only removes the infected tissue but also prevents future occurrences of the condition.
In summary, pus in a cat's uterus results from hormonal changes leading to endometrial thickening and secretion retention, which then creates an environment conducive to bacterial growth and infection. Prompt veterinary care is essential for managing this potentially life-threatening condition.