Why does a cat eat valerian? - briefly
Cats are often attracted to valerian due to its scent, which contains actiphylide, a compound that mimics the pheromones cats produce naturally. This can create a state of euphoria in cats, making them more likely to consume it. However, it is important for cat owners to be cautious, as valerian can be toxic to cats in large amounts. Symptoms of valerian toxicity in cats may include:
- Lethargy
- Depression
- Loss of muscle coordination
- Tremors
- Seizures
If a cat ingests valerian, it is crucial to monitor for these signs and consult a veterinarian if any symptoms appear.
Why does a cat eat valerian? - in detail
Cats are known for their peculiar behaviors, and one of the more intriguing ones involves their attraction to valerian. This herb, often used in human medicine for its sedative properties, has a completely different effect on cats. Understanding this behavior requires delving into the biological and sensory aspects of feline physiology.
Valerian, scientifically known as Valeriana officinalis, contains various compounds that are highly stimulating to cats. The primary active ingredients in valerian are valerenic acid and isovaleric acid. These compounds are believed to mimic certain neurochemicals in the cat's brain, triggering a strong olfactory response. Cats have a highly developed sense of smell, which is about 14 times more sensitive than that of humans. This heightened sensitivity allows them to detect and react to the unique scent of valerian.
When a cat encounters valerian, it often exhibits behaviors similar to those seen when exposed to catnip (Nepeta cataria). These behaviors can include rubbing, rolling, and increased vocalization. The exact mechanism by which valerian affects cats is not fully understood, but it is thought to involve the activation of certain receptors in the brain that are associated with pleasure and excitement. This response is not universal; approximately 50-70% of cats exhibit a reaction to valerian, while the remaining cats show no interest. The sensitivity to valerian is believed to be hereditary, suggesting a genetic component to this behavioral trait.
It is important to note that while valerian can be a source of entertainment and stimulation for cats, it should be used judiciously. Some cats may become overly excited or aggressive when exposed to valerian, and prolonged exposure can lead to desensitization, reducing its effectiveness over time. Additionally, valerian should be introduced gradually and in small amounts to avoid overwhelming the cat. Always ensure that the valerian is of high quality and free from contaminants to avoid any potential health risks.
In summary, cats eat or interact with valerian due to its potent aroma and the stimulating effects it has on their nervous system. The unique compounds in valerian activate specific receptors in the cat's brain, leading to behaviors associated with pleasure and excitement. While valerian can be a fun and enriching experience for cats, it should be used responsibly to ensure their well-being.