Why do cats react to valerian? - briefly
Cats react to valerian due to a compound called actinidine, which mimics the scent of cat pheromones. This triggers a euphoric response in felines, leading to behaviors such as rolling, rubbing, and increased affection.
Why do cats react to valerian? - in detail
Cats' reactions to valerian are a fascinating phenomenon that has intrigued pet owners and scientists alike. Valerian is a perennial flowering plant known for its sedative effects on humans, often used to treat anxiety and insomnia. However, cats exhibit a markedly different response to this herb. When exposed to valerian, cats often become hyperactive, displaying behaviors such as rolling, rubbing, and excessive vocalization. This peculiar reaction can be attributed to several factors.
Valerian contains compounds that are structurally similar to catnip, another plant known for its stimulating effects on felines. The primary active ingredient in valerian is valerenic acid, which is believed to mimic the effects of catnip's nepetalactone. When cats inhale the scent of valerian, these compounds bind to receptors in their nasal tissue, triggering a response in the brain. This interaction leads to the release of neurotransmitters, particularly dopamine, which is associated with pleasure and reward.
The genetic predisposition of cats also plays a significant part in their response to valerian. Not all cats react to valerian, and the intensity of the reaction can vary greatly among individuals. This variability is likely due to genetic differences in the receptors and neurotransmitter systems that mediate the response. Kittens typically do not show a reaction to valerian until they reach sexual maturity, around six to nine months of age. This age-related response suggests that the behavior is influenced by hormonal factors.
The behavioral changes induced by valerian are generally short-lived, lasting about 10 to 30 minutes. During this period, cats may exhibit a range of behaviors, including increased playfulness, heightened curiosity, and even mild aggression. These reactions are usually harmless and can be a source of entertainment for both the cat and its owner. However, it is important to note that some cats may become overly excited or anxious, and in such cases, it is advisable to limit their exposure to valerian.
In summary, cats' reactions to valerian are driven by a combination of chemical, genetic, and hormonal factors. The herb's active compounds interact with the cat's sensory and neural systems, leading to a temporary state of heightened arousal and pleasure. Understanding these mechanisms can help pet owners appreciate the unique ways in which cats interact with their environment and provide insights into their behavioral patterns.