Why do cats lick valerian? - briefly
Cats are drawn to valerian root due to its distinct and appealing scent, which contains actinidine, a compound that mimics a cat pheromone. This scent triggers a euphoric response in cats, making them eager to lick and rub against the plant.
Why do cats lick valerian? - in detail
Cats are known for their peculiar behavior, and one of the most intriguing habits is their attraction to valerian root. Valerian, scientifically known as Valeriana officinalis, is a perennial flowering plant native to Europe and Asia. The root of this plant contains compounds that have a strong, distinctive odor which is particularly appealing to cats.
The primary reason cats are drawn to valerian is the presence of actinidine, a compound found in the root's essential oil. Actinidine is believed to mimic the scent of a specific pheromone that cats use to mark their territory. When a cat encounters valerian, it perceives the smell as a signal from another cat, triggering a strong desire to investigate and potentially mark the area as its own.
Additionally, valerian root contains other compounds such as isovaleric acid and valerenic acid, which also contribute to its unique aroma. These compounds are not found in typical household items, making valerian an unusual and enticing scent for cats. The strong smell of valerian can be detected from a distance, further piquing the cat's curiosity and drawing it towards the source.
Another factor contributing to a cat's attraction to valerian is its potential calming effect. Valerian root has been used in herbal medicine for centuries due to its sedative properties. While the exact mechanism of action is not fully understood, it is believed that compounds in valerian interact with neurotransmitters in the brain, promoting relaxation and reducing anxiety. Some cat owners report that exposing their cats to valerian has a calming effect, which might explain why some cats continue to seek out this plant.
In summary, cats are attracted to valerian due to its unique scent, which they perceive as a territorial marker. The presence of actinidine and other compounds in the root's essential oil creates an enticing aroma that draws cats in. Additionally, the potential calming effect of valerian might contribute to its appeal. However, it is important for cat owners to be cautious when introducing valerian to their pets, as some cats may become overly excited or even aggressive upon encountering this potent scent.