Why are cats drawn to valerian? - briefly
Cats are attracted to valerian due to its active compound actinidine, which mimics feline pheromones and triggers a euphoric or playful response similar to catnip.
Why are cats drawn to valerian? - in detail
Cats are drawn to valerian due to its unique chemical composition, which triggers a strong behavioral response in many felines. Valerian root contains compounds such as actinidine and valerenic acid, which mimic the effects of nepetalactone, the active ingredient in catnip. These compounds interact with the cat’s olfactory system, binding to receptors in the nasal tissue and stimulating sensory neurons. This interaction sends signals to the brain, particularly to the amygdala and hypothalamus, which are associated with emotional and behavioral responses. The result is a range of reactions, including excitement, playfulness, rolling, rubbing, and even temporary euphoria. Interestingly, the response to valerian is hereditary, with approximately 50-70% of cats exhibiting sensitivity to it. The intensity of the reaction varies depending on the individual cat’s genetic makeup and age, with younger cats often showing more pronounced effects. Valerian’s appeal to cats is further enhanced by its earthy, pungent aroma, which is highly attractive to their keen sense of smell. While the effects are generally harmless and short-lived, lasting around 10-15 minutes, repeated exposure can lead to habituation, reducing the intensity of the response over time. This phenomenon is similar to the way cats react to catnip, making valerian a popular alternative for stimulating feline enrichment and providing mental stimulation.