Who is the cat Bastet? - briefly
Bastet, also known as Bast or Baast, is an ancient Egyptian goddess associated with protection, motherhood, and cats. She was particularly revered in the city of Bubastis, where her cult center was located.
Who is the cat Bastet? - in detail
Bastet, also known as Bast or Baast, is an ancient Egyptian goddess who was revered and worshipped for thousands of years. Her name translates to "She of the Ointment Jar," which reflects her role as a protector and nurturer. Bastet is often depicted as a cat or a woman with the head of a cat, emphasizing her association with felines.
Bastet's origins can be traced back to the Predynastic Period (c. 6000-3100 BCE), where she was initially associated with the war goddess Sekhmet. Over time, Bastet evolved into a distinct deity, embodying protection, fertility, and motherhood. She was particularly venerated in the city of Bubastis, located in the Nile Delta, which became her primary cult center.
As the protector goddess, Bastet safeguarded homes, families, and communities from evil spirits and harm. Her benevolent nature made her a popular deity among the common people, who sought her blessings for their households and children. Additionally, Bastet was linked to music, dance, and joyous celebrations. She was often depicted playing a tambourine or sitting on a lotus flower, symbols of her association with festive occasions.
Cats were considered sacred in ancient Egypt, particularly the domestic cat (Felis catus), which was believed to embody Bastet's spirit. The practice of mummifying cats and placing them in tombs underscores the deep reverence for these animals and their connection to the goddess. This tradition further emphasized Bastet's role as a guardian and guide, protecting the deceased on their journey through the afterlife.
Bastet's influence extended beyond Egypt, with her worship spreading to various regions of the ancient world. Her popularity persisted even during the Roman period, demonstrating her enduring significance in religious and cultural contexts. Today, Bastet remains a fascinating figure in Egyptian mythology, embodying the dual roles of protector and nurturer, and serving as a symbol of the profound connection between humans and animals in ancient Egyptian society.