When were cats domesticated? - briefly
The exact timing of cat domestication remains uncertain, but evidence suggests it occurred around 10,000 years ago in the Near East, coinciding with the dawn of agriculture. This process likely began when early farmers cultivated cereals that attracted wild cats, leading to a gradual shift towards cohabitation and eventual domestication.
When were cats domesticated? - in detail
The process of cat domestication is an intriguing subject that has been extensively researched by scientists and historians alike. While the exact timeline remains elusive, the most widely accepted theory places the beginning of cat domestication around 10,000 years ago in the Near East. This region, which includes modern-day Turkey, Syria, and Israel, was a cradle of agricultural development where early human settlements began to cultivate crops.
The shift from nomadic lifestyles to sedentary agriculture created an ideal environment for rodents and other pests to thrive. This influx of vermin posed significant threats to grain stores, leading humans to seek effective means of pest control. It is believed that wild cats, particularly the African wildcat (Felis lybica), were attracted to these settlements by the abundance of prey. Over time, a mutually beneficial relationship developed between humans and these feline predators.
Genetic studies have provided compelling evidence supporting this theory. Researchers have identified a specific gene variant in domestic cats that is associated with tameness and sociability. This variant is also found in the African wildcat, suggesting that our modern-day pets share a common ancestor with these wild felines. Furthermore, archaeological findings from ancient sites such as Shillourokambos on Cyprus have unearthed cat remains dating back to around 9,500 years ago, further supporting the notion of early domestication in this region.
As agriculture spread across the globe, so did cats. They accompanied humans on their voyages and migrations, adapting to various environments and becoming integral parts of different cultures. In ancient Egypt, for instance, cats were revered and often mummified, indicating a deep-rooted respect and affection for these animals.
In conclusion, while the precise date of cat domestication remains uncertain, it is clear that this process began in the Near East approximately 10,000 years ago. The relationship between humans and cats has evolved over millennia, shaped by mutual need and a shared history that continues to captivate us today.