When was the cat first domesticated? - briefly
The process of domesticating cats began approximately 10,000 years ago in the Near East, with archaeological evidence suggesting that early farmers likely initiated this relationship for pest control purposes.
When was the cat first domesticated? - in detail
The process of domesticating cats is believed to have begun around 10,000 years ago, during the Neolithic period. This period marked the transition from a nomadic, hunter-gatherer lifestyle to a more settled, agricultural society. As humans began cultivating crops and storing grains, they inadvertently attracted rodents and other pests, which in turn attracted wild cats seeking easy prey.
The earliest evidence of cat domestication comes from the island of Cyprus, where archaeologists discovered a grave containing both a human and a cat, dating back to around 9,500 years ago. This finding suggests that cats were already considered important enough to be buried with their human companions by this time.
Further evidence can be found in ancient Egyptian art and writings from around 4,000 years ago. Cats were highly revered in ancient Egypt, often depicted as divine beings associated with the goddess Bastet. They were kept as pets and also used to control pests in granaries and homes.
Genetic studies have provided additional insights into the domestication process. Researchers have identified a specific gene mutation that is present in all domestic cats but not in their wild ancestors. This mutation, which affects coat color and pattern, is believed to have arisen around 10,000 years ago, supporting the archaeological evidence for early cat domestication.
In summary, the domestication of cats is thought to have begun approximately 10,000 years ago in the Near East, with the earliest clear evidence coming from Cyprus around 9,500 years ago. The process was likely driven by mutual benefit: cats provided pest control services to early agricultural communities, while humans offered food and shelter. Over time, cats became cherished companions and sacred symbols in many ancient cultures.