When did cats and cats appear in Russia? - briefly
The earliest evidence of domestic cats in Russia dates back to the 9th century AD, where they were likely brought by Varangian traders. Their widespread presence is noted from the 13th century onwards, with cats becoming common pets and companions in Russian households.
When did cats and cats appear in Russia? - in detail
The history of cats in Russia is a fascinating subject that spans centuries, intertwining with cultural developments, trade routes, and societal changes.
The first known records of cats in Russia date back to the Middle Ages, particularly during the reign of Ivan III (1462-1505), who was instrumental in reviving Moscow's power after the decline of the Golden Horde. It is believed that cats were brought to Russia from Byzantium and other Eastern regions through trade and diplomatic missions. Initially, cats were valued for their ability to control pests, such as mice and rats, which posed a significant threat to grain storage and households.
During the 16th and 17th centuries, the popularity of cats grew significantly in Russia. Peter the Great (1682-1725) is credited with promoting the import of various breeds from Western Europe, particularly from Holland and France. These imports included the ancestors of modern breeds like the Russian Blue, which became a symbol of elegance and refinement among the aristocracy. Cats were not only kept for practical reasons but also as companions in homes and palaces.
The 18th century marked a period of increased interest in cat breeding and care. Catherine the Great (1762-1796) was known to be fond of cats and supported their presence in royal residences. This era saw the establishment of some of the first cat shows and exhibitions, reflecting the growing appreciation for different breeds and their unique characteristics.
In the 19th century, cats became more integrated into Russian culture and folklore. They were often depicted in literature, art, and folk tales, symbolizing wisdom, independence, and mysticism. For instance, the story of "The Cat Who Walked by Herself" is a well-known Russian fable that highlights the cat's independent nature.
Throughout the 20th century, despite the challenges posed by wars and political upheavals, cats remained an integral part of Russian life. The Soviet era saw the development of state-run catteries and breeding programs aimed at preserving and promoting various cat breeds. Post-Soviet Russia has witnessed a resurgence in cat ownership and care, with numerous cat shows, clubs, and associations dedicated to preserving and celebrating different breeds.
In conclusion, the presence of cats in Russia can be traced back to the Middle Ages, evolving through centuries of trade, cultural exchange, and societal changes. Today, cats hold a special place in Russian culture, appreciated for their companionship, beauty, and the rich history they embody.