What were the names of sacred cats? - briefly
The ancient Egyptians revered several cat breeds as sacred, including the Mau and the Abyssinian. These cats were believed to have spiritual significance and were often depicted in art and literature.
What were the names of sacred cats? - in detail
The ancient Egyptians held cats in high regard, often venerating them as sacred animals. This reverence was primarily due to their association with the goddess Bastet (also spelled Bast or Ubastet), who was depicted as having the head of a cat. Cats were believed to possess divine qualities and were seen as protectors and guardians of the home, particularly against snakes and other pests.
In ancient Egyptian culture, cats were often mummified upon death, similar to how humans and other sacred animals were treated. These mummified cats have been discovered in large numbers in cat cemeteries across Egypt, notably at the site of Per-Bast (now Tell Basta), which was the center of Bastet's cult.
The names given to these sacred cats often reflected their divine status and the reverence with which they were held. Some common names included:
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Miut: This name was often associated with domestic cats and translates to "kitten" or "little cat." Despite its seemingly ordinary meaning, it signified the cat's role as a beloved and cherished pet within the household.
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Shesep: Translating to "beautiful," this name highlighted the aesthetic appeal of cats, which were admired for their grace and elegance.
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Mau: This is one of the oldest known names for cats in ancient Egypt. It translates to simply "cat" and was a generic term used to refer to felines across various contexts.
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Bastet: Named directly after the goddess, these cats were considered especially sacred and were often kept in temples dedicated to Bastet. They were treated with great care and respect, similar to how priests and priestesses would be honored.
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Sekhmet: Although less common than names associated with Bastet, some cats were named after the lion-headed goddess Sekhmet, who was revered for her protective and healing powers. Cats bearing this name were seen as powerful protectors of their owners and homes.
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Mafdet: This name derives from another feline deity, Mafdet, who was associated with justice and protection against venomous creatures. Cats named after Mafdet were believed to offer special protection against snakes and other dangerous animals.
The practice of naming cats after divine figures underscored the deep spiritual connection between ancient Egyptians and their feline companions. This tradition not only reflected the cultural significance of cats but also emphasized their role as guardians and sacred beings within Egyptian society.