What were cats called in ancient Egypt? - briefly
In ancient Egypt, cats were commonly referred to as "miw" or "mau". These terms were used to denote the domestic cat, an animal that held significant cultural and religious importance in Egyptian society.
Cats were often associated with several deities, notably Bastet, the goddess of protection, fertility, and war, who was typically depicted with a cat's head. This association underscored the reverence and respect Egyptians had for these creatures, which were seen as guardians and symbols of grace and independence. The ancient Egyptians believed that cats possessed magical powers and could bring good luck to their homes. They were also highly valued for their hunting skills, which helped control pests and protect food supplies. The practice of mummifying cats was common, reflecting the belief in the afterlife and the desire to ensure the cat's continued protection and companionship in the next world. Ancient Egyptian art and hieroglyphs frequently depicted cats, further emphasizing their integral position in daily life and religious practices. The domestication of cats in Egypt likely began around 4000 BCE, and their popularity spread throughout the region, influencing other cultures in the Mediterranean and beyond.
What were cats called in ancient Egypt? - in detail
In ancient Egypt, cats held a significant place in the cultural and religious landscape. The Egyptians had a specific term for these animals, which reflected their reverence and admiration. The ancient Egyptians referred to cats as "miw" or "miit." This term is derived from the Egyptian language and is often transliterated as "miau" or "miw" in modern scholarship. The sound "miw" is believed to mimic the cat's own vocalization, much like the English word "meow."
The importance of cats in ancient Egyptian society is evident from various artifacts and texts. Cats were often depicted in art and sculpture, frequently accompanying deities or being depicted independently. For instance, the goddess Bastet, who was associated with protection, fertility, and warfare, was often depicted with the head of a cat or a lioness. This association underscored the cat's symbolic significance in Egyptian culture.
The veneration of cats extended beyond religious iconography. Ancient Egyptians also mummified cats as part of their burial practices, indicating that cats were considered sacred animals. Thousands of cat mummies have been discovered in archaeological sites, particularly in cat cemeteries near temples dedicated to Bastet. This practice highlights the deep respect and reverence the Egyptians had for these animals.
Moreover, cats were valued for their practical benefits. They were essential in controlling vermin, such as rodents and snakes, which were common in grain stores and homes. This utilitarian aspect further enhanced the cat's status in Egyptian society, making them both revered and useful companions.
In summary, the term "miw" or "miit" was used by the ancient Egyptians to refer to cats. This name, along with the extensive cultural and religious significance attributed to these animals, underscores their unique place in Egyptian civilization. The reverence for cats is a testament to the Egyptians' deep understanding of and appreciation for the natural world, as well as their sophisticated religious and cultural practices.