What vaccine should I give my cat? - briefly
When choosing a vaccine for your cat, consider the core vaccines recommended by veterinarians: FVRCP (feline viral rhinotracheitis, calicivirus, and panleukopenia) and rabies. These vaccines protect against common and potentially fatal feline diseases. Additionally, based on your cat's lifestyle and risk factors, your vet may recommend other vaccines like feline leukemia (FeLV).
What vaccine should I give my cat? - in detail
Choosing the right vaccines for your cat is crucial for maintaining their health and preventing diseases. While there are many types of vaccines available, not all cats need every vaccine. Here's a comprehensive guide to help you make an informed decision:
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Core Vaccines: These are considered essential by the American Association of Feline Practitioners (AAFP) for all cats. Core vaccines protect against diseases that are commonly found in cats, have high mortality rates, and/or are highly contagious. The core vaccines for cats include:
- FVRCP: This is a combination vaccine that protects against Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis (Herpesvirus), Calicivirus, and Panleukopenia (Distemper). These diseases can cause respiratory problems, fever, and in severe cases, death.
- Rabies: Rabies is a fatal disease that can be transmitted to humans. Most areas require rabies vaccination by law. After the initial shot, cats should receive booster shots every one to three years, depending on the vaccine used.
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Non-Core Vaccines: These are optional and depend on your cat's lifestyle and risk factors. Discuss these with your veterinarian to determine if they are necessary for your cat:
- Feline Leukemia (FeLV): This vaccine is recommended for cats that go outdoors or live in multi-cat households where the risk of exposure is higher. FeLV can cause anemia, cancer, and immunodeficiency.
- Bordetella: This vaccine protects against a bacterial infection that causes respiratory disease. It's often given to cats in boarding facilities or shelters where the risk of exposure is higher.
- Chlamydophila felis: This vaccine protects against a bacterial infection that can cause conjunctivitis (pink eye) and upper respiratory infections. It's typically recommended for cats in multi-cat households or breeding facilities.
- Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV): This vaccine is available but its use is controversial due to inconsistent efficacy and potential adverse reactions. Discuss this with your veterinarian if your cat is at high risk for FIV.
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Vaccination Schedule: Kittens typically receive their first vaccines at 6-8 weeks old, with boosters given every 3-4 weeks until they are 16 weeks old. After that, adult cats usually receive boosters annually or every three years, depending on the vaccine and your cat's risk factors.
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Side Effects: While vaccines are generally safe, some cats may experience mild side effects such as lethargy, decreased appetite, or injection site swelling. In rare cases, severe reactions can occur. Always monitor your cat after vaccination and contact your veterinarian if you notice any concerning symptoms.
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Titer Testing: Instead of automatic booster shots, some veterinarians recommend titer testing to measure the level of antibodies in your cat's blood. If the titers are high enough, your cat may not need another vaccine for that disease. This approach can help reduce the number of vaccines your cat receives over time.
Always consult with your veterinarian about the best vaccination plan for your cat based on their individual needs and risk factors. Regular check-ups and preventative care are essential for keeping your feline friend healthy and happy.