What vaccinations should be given to cats?

What vaccinations should be given to cats? - briefly

Core vaccines for cats include FVRCP (feline viral rhinotracheitis, calicivirus, and panleukopenia) and rabies. Additional vaccinations may be recommended based on the cat's lifestyle and exposure risk, such as feline leukemia virus (FeLV) for cats that go outdoors or are in multi-cat households.

What vaccinations should be given to cats? - in detail

Vaccination is a crucial aspect of feline healthcare, providing essential protection against various infectious diseases. Core vaccines are considered mandatory for all cats due to their high risk of exposure and severe health implications. The American Association of Feline Practitioners (AAFP) recommends several core vaccinations:

1. Feline Panleukopenia Virus (FPV) - Also known as feline distemper, this highly contagious virus causes severe gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms. The vaccine provides long-lasting immunity, typically lasting 3-4 years.

2. Feline Calicivirus (FCV) - This common respiratory pathogen can lead to upper respiratory infections, oral ulcers, and sometimes pneumonia. Vaccination offers protection for 1-3 years.

3. Feline Herpesvirus Type 1 (FHV-1) - Another major cause of upper respiratory infections, FHV-1 can lead to chronic conditions such as chronic rhinitis. The vaccine is effective for 1 year but often requires boosters due to the virus's ability to mutate.

4. Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) - This virus compromises the immune system, making cats more susceptible to other infections and cancers. It is highly recommended for all outdoor cats and those exposed to FeLV-positive cats. The vaccine's efficacy varies, but it should be administered annually or semi-annually depending on the risk level.

Non-core vaccines are optional and depend on the cat's lifestyle and exposure risk:

1. Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) - Similar to FeLV, FIV attacks the immune system but is less contagious. It is recommended for outdoor cats or those in multi-cat households with unknown FIV status. The vaccine is effective for 1 year.

2. Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) - Caused by a coronavirus, FIP affects the abdominal cavity and chest, leading to fluid buildup. The vaccine is recommended for cats in multi-cat households or shelters where the virus is prevalent. Its efficacy varies, but it should be administered annually.

3. Bordetella bronchiseptica - This bacterium contributes to upper respiratory infections and is often included in combination vaccines with FCV and FHV-1. It is recommended for cats in multi-cat households, shelters, or boarding facilities. The vaccine lasts 6-12 months.

4. Chlamydophila felis - This bacterium causes conjunctivitis and respiratory infections. Vaccination is advisable for cats in high-risk environments. The vaccine provides protection for up to 1 year.

Vaccinations should be administered according to the cat's age, health status, and lifestyle. Kittens typically receive their first vaccines at 6-8 weeks old, with boosters given every 3-4 weeks until they reach 16 weeks. After initial vaccination, adult cats require booster shots every 1-3 years depending on the specific vaccine. Regular veterinary check-ups are essential to maintain an up-to-date vaccination schedule and ensure your cat's overall health.