What vaccinations should be given to a cat and at what age? - briefly
Cats typically require two core vaccines: one for feline distemper (also known as panleukopenia) and another for feline herpesvirus type 1 and calicivirus (often combined in a single vaccine). The first dose should be administered at 6-8 weeks of age, with boosters given every 3-4 weeks until the kitten is 16 weeks old. Annual boosters are recommended thereafter to maintain immunity.
What vaccinations should be given to a cat and at what age? - in detail
Vaccinating cats is crucial for preventing various infectious diseases that can severely impact their health and well-being. The primary vaccines recommended for cats are designed to protect against common feline illnesses. Here's a detailed guide on which vaccinations should be given to a cat and at what age:
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Core Vaccines: These are considered essential by veterinary organizations worldwide, including the World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA). Core vaccines for cats include:
- Feline Panleukopenia Virus (FPV): This highly contagious disease is often fatal in kittens. The first vaccine should be administered at 6-8 weeks of age, with boosters given every 3-4 weeks until the kitten is 16 weeks old. After that, a booster should be given annually.
- Feline Calicivirus (FCV): This virus causes upper respiratory infections and oral disease. Vaccination begins at 6-8 weeks of age with boosters every 3-4 weeks until the kitten is 16 weeks old, followed by annual boosters.
- Feline Herpesvirus Type 1 (FHV-1): This virus also causes upper respiratory infections and can lead to chronic issues. Vaccination starts at 6-8 weeks of age with boosters every 3-4 weeks until the kitten is 16 weeks old, followed by annual boosters.
- Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV): This virus is associated with a range of diseases, including cancer. The first vaccine should be given at 8-9 weeks of age, with a second dose 3-4 weeks later. After the initial series, annual boosters are recommended for cats at risk due to their lifestyle or environment.
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Non-Core Vaccines: These vaccines are optional and depend on the cat's lifestyle and exposure risk. They include:
- Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV): This virus weakens the cat’s immune system, making it more susceptible to infections. Vaccination is typically given starting at 8-9 weeks of age, with a second dose 3-4 weeks later. Annual boosters are recommended for cats at risk.
- Bordetella bronchiseptica: This bacterium causes upper respiratory tract infections. Vaccination can be started as early as 6 weeks of age, with a booster 2-4 weeks later. Annual boosters may be necessary depending on the cat's exposure risk.
- Chlamydophila felis: This bacterium causes conjunctivitis and respiratory disease. Vaccination can start at 9 weeks of age, with a booster 3-4 weeks later. Annual boosters are recommended based on the cat’s lifestyle and risk factors.
- Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP): This disease is caused by a coronavirus and affects the abdomen and chest cavity. Vaccination can start at 12 weeks of age, with a booster 3-4 weeks later. Annual boosters are recommended based on the cat’s lifestyle and risk factors.
It's essential to consult with your veterinarian to determine the appropriate vaccines for your cat based on their health status, age, and lifestyle. Regular check-ups will ensure that your cat remains protected against common infectious diseases, contributing to a long and healthy life.