What test is there for cat allergies? - briefly
To diagnose cat allergies, a skin prick test or a specific IgE blood test is commonly used to detect allergic reactions to cat dander.
What test is there for cat allergies? - in detail
To determine if someone has a cat allergy, healthcare professionals typically rely on specific diagnostic tests designed to identify allergic reactions to cat dander, saliva, or urine proteins. The most common and reliable method is the skin prick test, where a small amount of purified cat allergen extract is applied to the skin, usually on the forearm or back. The skin is then gently pricked to allow the allergen to penetrate. If the individual is allergic, a raised, red bump resembling a mosquito bite will appear within 15-20 minutes, indicating a positive reaction. Another option is the intradermal test, where a tiny amount of allergen is injected just beneath the skin’s surface. This test is more sensitive but may yield false positives. For those who cannot undergo skin testing, such as individuals with severe eczema or those taking certain medications, a blood test called the specific IgE (immunoglobulin E) test is used. This test measures the level of IgE antibodies in the blood that are specific to cat allergens. Elevated IgE levels suggest an allergic response. In some cases, an elimination test may be employed, where the individual avoids contact with cats for a period to observe if symptoms improve. Reintroduction of cat exposure can then confirm the allergy. It’s essential to consult an allergist or immunologist to interpret test results accurately and develop an appropriate management plan. These tests, combined with a detailed medical history and symptom analysis, provide a comprehensive approach to diagnosing cat allergies.