What is the name of the disease from cat scratches? - briefly
The disease caused by cat scratches is called Cat-scratch Disease (CSD). It's primarily transmitted through the bite or scratch of an infected cat, leading to symptoms such as swollen lymph nodes and fever.
What is the name of the disease from cat scratches? - in detail
The disease commonly associated with cat scratches is known as Cat-Scratch Disease (CSD). This infection is caused by the bacterium Bartonella henselae, which is often present in the mouths of healthy cats. When a cat scratches or bites a human, the bacteria can be transmitted through the break in the skin, leading to the development of Cat-Scratch Disease.
Symptoms of CSD typically appear within 3 to 14 days after the initial contact with the infected cat. The most common symptom is swollen lymph nodes, often near the site of the scratch or bite. Other symptoms may include fever, headache, fatigue, and a general feeling of being unwell. In some cases, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems, the infection can lead to more serious complications such as encephalopathy (brain inflammation) or retinitis (inflammation of the retina).
Diagnosis of CSD is usually based on a combination of symptoms, medical history, and laboratory tests. A blood test can detect antibodies to Bartonella henselae, which indicates an active infection. In some cases, a lymph node biopsy may be necessary for a definitive diagnosis.
Treatment for Cat-Scratch Disease often involves supportive care such as rest, hydration, and over-the-counter pain relievers to manage symptoms like fever and headache. In more severe cases or when the infection affects specific organs, antibiotics may be prescribed. The most commonly used antibiotics for CSD are azithromycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or rifampin.
Prevention of Cat-Scratch Disease involves practicing good hygiene and avoiding direct contact with cats, especially stray or feral cats that may carry the bacteria. Washing hands thoroughly after handling cats and covering any scratches or bites promptly can help reduce the risk of infection. Additionally, keeping cats indoors and away from potential carriers like rodents and fleas can minimize their exposure to Bartonella henselae.
In summary, Cat-Scratch Disease is a bacterial infection transmitted through cat scratches or bites. While it typically resolves on its own with supportive care, prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential for severe cases or individuals with compromised immune systems.