What is the danger of immunodeficiency in cats? - briefly
Immunodeficiency in cats weakens their immune system, making them highly susceptible to infections, chronic illnesses, and secondary diseases that can severely impact their health and longevity.
What is the danger of immunodeficiency in cats? - in detail
Immunodeficiency in cats, particularly caused by the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), poses significant risks to their health and quality of life. FIV is a lentivirus that attacks the immune system, weakening the cat's ability to fight off infections and diseases. Over time, the virus depletes white blood cells, particularly T-lymphocytes, which are crucial for immune responses. This leaves the cat susceptible to secondary infections, chronic illnesses, and opportunistic pathogens that a healthy immune system would typically control. Common complications include recurrent respiratory infections, chronic skin conditions, gastrointestinal disorders, and oral diseases such as gingivitis and stomatitis. In advanced stages, the immune system becomes so compromised that even minor infections can become life-threatening. Additionally, FIV-positive cats are more prone to developing certain types of cancers, such as lymphoma, due to the impaired immune surveillance of abnormal cell growth. The virus is primarily transmitted through deep bite wounds, making outdoor and aggressive cats more vulnerable. While FIV is not immediately fatal, it progressively deteriorates the cat's health, leading to a reduced lifespan and increased vulnerability to a wide range of health issues. Early diagnosis and proper management, including regular veterinary care, a stress-free environment, and a balanced diet, can help mitigate some of the risks and improve the cat's quality of life. However, there is currently no cure for FIV, making prevention through vaccination and limiting exposure to infected cats critical in safeguarding feline health.