What is cholangiolihepatitis in cats? - briefly
Cholangiohepatitis in cats is an inflammatory condition affecting the bile ducts and liver, often leading to symptoms such as jaundice, lethargy, and vomiting. It requires prompt veterinary diagnosis and treatment to manage inflammation and prevent complications.
What is cholangiolihepatitis in cats? - in detail
Cholangiohepatitis in cats is a complex inflammatory condition affecting the liver and bile ducts, characterized by the simultaneous inflammation of both the bile ducts (cholangitis) and the liver tissue (hepatitis). This condition is one of the most common liver disorders in cats and can present in acute or chronic forms. The exact cause of cholangiohepatitis is not fully understood, but it is often associated with bacterial infections, immune-mediated responses, or obstruction of the bile ducts. Bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract, such as Escherichia coli, are frequently implicated, as they can ascend into the bile ducts and liver, triggering inflammation. In some cases, the condition may be linked to concurrent diseases like pancreatitis or inflammatory bowel disease, which are collectively referred to as the triaditis complex. Symptoms of cholangiohepatitis include lethargy, loss of appetite, vomiting, jaundice, weight loss, and abdominal discomfort. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of blood tests, imaging studies (such as ultrasound), and liver biopsy to confirm the presence of inflammation and rule out other liver diseases. Treatment depends on the severity and underlying cause but often includes antibiotics to address bacterial infections, anti-inflammatory medications to reduce inflammation, and supportive care such as fluid therapy and nutritional support. In cases of bile duct obstruction, surgical intervention may be necessary. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for improving the prognosis, as untreated cholangiohepatitis can lead to severe complications, including liver failure. Regular monitoring and follow-up are essential to ensure the cat’s liver function remains stable and to prevent recurrence.