What is cat fur called? - briefly
Cat fur is officially referred to as the "pelage" or simply "fur."
What is cat fur called? - in detail
Cat fur, scientifically known as pelage, is composed of several layers that serve distinct purposes in maintaining the cat's health and comfort. The primary components of cat fur are guard hairs, undercoat, and vibrissae (whiskers).
Guard hairs make up the outer layer of a cat's coat. These are longer, coarser hairs that protect the cat from environmental elements such as rain, snow, and extreme temperatures. Guard hairs also contribute to the cat's distinctive color patterns and markings. They are responsible for the sleek appearance of short-haired breeds like the Abyssinian and the smooth texture of long-haired breeds like the Maine Coon.
Beneath the guard hairs lies the undercoat, a soft, dense layer consisting of shorter hairs. The undercoat provides insulation against heat loss during cold weather and helps regulate body temperature in warmer conditions. It is particularly important for cats living in colder climates or those with thicker coats, such as the Siberian Forest Cat.
Vibrissae, commonly known as whiskers, are specialized hairs that play a crucial role in a cat's sensory perception. They are longer and thicker than regular hairs and are located around the cat's muzzle, above the eyes, and on the back of the front legs. Vibrissae are embedded deeper into the skin and have a rich supply of nerves that transmit sensory information to the brain. This allows cats to navigate their environment accurately, even in low-light conditions, and helps them assess the size and shape of objects or prey.
In addition to these layers, cat fur also contains specialized hairs called tactile hairs, which are particularly sensitive to touch. These hairs are scattered across the body and contribute to the cat's overall sensory experience.
Overall, cat fur is a complex system designed to protect the animal from external threats while regulating its internal temperature and enhancing its sensory capabilities. Understanding the different components of cat fur provides insight into the remarkable adaptations that have evolved to support the feline lifestyle.