What is CAC in cats? - briefly
CAC in cats refers to the Coronary Artery Calcium score, a diagnostic tool used to assess the presence and extent of calcification in the coronary arteries, which can indicate cardiovascular health risks.
What is CAC in cats? - in detail
CAC, or coronary artery calcification, in cats refers to the accumulation of calcium deposits within the walls of the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle. This condition is a form of atherosclerosis, where the arteries become hardened and narrowed due to the buildup of plaque, primarily composed of calcium, cholesterol, and other substances. In cats, CAC is often associated with underlying health issues such as chronic kidney disease, hypertension, or hyperthyroidism, which can disrupt calcium and phosphorus metabolism. The calcification process can impair blood flow to the heart, potentially leading to cardiac dysfunction, reduced oxygen delivery, and an increased risk of heart-related complications. Diagnosis typically involves imaging techniques like radiography or echocardiography to detect calcified deposits. While CAC itself may not always present immediate symptoms, it serves as a marker for cardiovascular health and can indicate a higher risk of severe conditions such as heart failure or arrhythmias. Management focuses on addressing the underlying causes, optimizing diet, and potentially using medications to control calcium and phosphorus levels. Regular monitoring and veterinary care are essential to mitigate the progression of CAC and its associated risks in affected cats.