What is aspartate aminotransferase in cats? - briefly
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is an enzyme found in cats, primarily in the liver, heart, and muscles, used to assess cellular damage or disease in these tissues. Elevated AST levels in blood tests often indicate potential organ injury or dysfunction.
What is aspartate aminotransferase in cats? - in detail
Aspartate aminotransferase, commonly abbreviated as AST, is an enzyme found in various tissues of cats, including the liver, heart, skeletal muscles, kidneys, and brain. It is involved in cellular metabolism, specifically in the transfer of amino groups between amino acids and alpha-keto acids, a process essential for energy production and protein synthesis. In clinical veterinary medicine, AST is often measured as part of a biochemical blood panel to assess organ health, particularly the liver and muscles. Elevated levels of AST in a cat’s blood can indicate tissue damage or disease, as the enzyme is released into the bloodstream when cells are injured or destroyed. However, AST is not specific to any single organ, so its elevation must be interpreted alongside other diagnostic markers, such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), to pinpoint the underlying cause. Conditions such as hepatitis, muscle trauma, heart disease, or even certain toxins can lead to increased AST levels. Monitoring AST levels over time can help veterinarians evaluate the progression of a disease or the effectiveness of treatment. It is crucial to note that while elevated AST is a sign of potential health issues, it does not provide a definitive diagnosis on its own and must be considered within the broader clinical picture.