What is albinism in cats? - briefly
Albinism in cats is a genetic condition characterized by the complete absence of melanin production, resulting in white fur, pale skin, and light blue or pink eyes. It occurs due to a mutation in the gene responsible for melanin synthesis.
What is albinism in cats? - in detail
Albinism in cats is a genetic condition characterized by a complete lack of melanin production, resulting in a white coat, pale skin, and light-colored eyes, often appearing pink or blue due to the absence of pigment in the iris. This condition occurs due to a mutation in the TYR gene, which is responsible for encoding tyrosinase, the enzyme essential for melanin synthesis. Unlike partial albinism or white spotting, true albinism affects the entire body and is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, meaning both parents must carry and pass on the mutated gene for the offspring to exhibit the trait. Albino cats are extremely rare and are more sensitive to sunlight due to their lack of protective melanin, increasing their risk of sunburn and skin cancer. Their vision may also be affected, as melanin plays a crucial role in the development of the retina and other ocular structures. Albino cats often have photophobia, making them more sensitive to bright light. While albinism does not inherently affect a cat’s health or lifespan, it requires special care to protect their skin and eyes from UV exposure. It is important to distinguish albino cats from those with white coats caused by other genetic factors, such as the dominant white gene or white spotting patterns, as these conditions do not involve a complete absence of melanin. Understanding the genetic basis and unique needs of albino cats is essential for providing them with appropriate care and ensuring their well-being.