What happens to a cat when it smells valerian? - briefly
Cats exhibit a strong, often eccentric, response when they detect the scent of valerian. This reaction is due to the compounds in valerian that mimic feline pheromones, leading to behaviors such as rubbing, rolling, and increased excitement. Unlike humans, who typically find the smell unpleasant, cats are naturally drawn to it.
Valerian contains actinidine, a compound that cats are particularly sensitive to. This sensitivity is akin to their response to catnip, another plant that contains similar compounds. The reaction to valerian is not universal among cats; about 50-70% of felines exhibit this behavior, which is believed to be genetically inherited. The effects of valerian usually last for about 10-15 minutes, after which the cat may lose interest or become temporarily immune to its scent.
Valerian is often used in cat toys and scratching posts to encourage play and exercise. It can also be beneficial in helping cats acclimate to new environments or reducing stress during vet visits. However, it is essential to use valerian responsibly, as overstimulation can lead to aggressive behavior in some cats. Always monitor a cat's reaction to ensure their safety and well-being.
What happens to a cat when it smells valerian? - in detail
Valerian is a plant known for its strong, pungent scent, which has a peculiar effect on cats. When a cat detects the smell of valerian, a series of physiological and behavioral responses are triggered. The active compounds in valerian, particularly the iridoids like valerenic acid and valepotriates, are responsible for these reactions.
Upon smelling valerian, cats often exhibit signs of excitement and euphoria. This behavior is akin to the reaction some cats have to catnip, another plant known for its stimulating effects on felines. The scent of valerian can cause cats to roll, rub, and vocalize, indicating a state of heightened arousal. This response is not universal; approximately 30-50% of cats are affected by valerian, with kittens under six months old and senior cats typically showing no reaction.
The mechanism behind this response is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve the cat's olfactory system and its interaction with the brain. When a cat inhales the scent of valerian, the odor molecules travel to the olfactory epithelium in the nose, where they bind to receptors. This triggers a neural response that sends signals to the brain, specifically the amygdala and the hypothalamus, which are involved in emotional and behavioral responses. The exact pathways and neurotransmitters involved are subjects of ongoing research.
In some cases, the reaction to valerian can be more intense than that to catnip. Cats may become hyperactive, exhibit aggressive behavior, or show signs of disorientation. These reactions are usually temporary, lasting for about 5-15 minutes, after which the cat returns to its normal state. It is important to note that while valerian can be a source of entertainment and stimulation for cats, it should be used judiciously. Prolonged or frequent exposure to valerian can lead to desensitization, where the cat no longer responds to the scent.
Moreover, valerian should be kept out of reach of cats when not in use, as ingestion can cause gastrointestinal upset. Symptoms of valerian ingestion in cats may include vomiting, diarrhea, and lethargy. If a cat ingests valerian, it is advisable to consult a veterinarian for appropriate care.
In summary, the smell of valerian induces a range of behaviors in cats, from mild excitement to intense euphoria. The response is mediated through the cat's olfactory system and involves complex interactions within the brain. While valerian can be a fun way to stimulate a cat, it should be used with caution to avoid potential health issues and desensitization.