What happens during a cat's heat? - briefly
During a cat's heat, the female becomes highly vocal, restless, and may exhibit increased affection or rolling behavior to attract males, signaling her readiness to mate.
What happens during a cat's heat? - in detail
During a cat's heat cycle, also known as estrus, significant physiological and behavioral changes occur as the cat becomes sexually receptive and ready for mating. This cycle is triggered by hormonal shifts, primarily an increase in estrogen levels, which prepare the body for potential reproduction. Unspayed female cats typically experience their first heat cycle between 4 and 12 months of age, depending on factors such as breed, health, and environmental conditions. The heat cycle lasts approximately 4 to 7 days and can recur every 2 to 3 weeks until the cat mates or is spayed.
Behaviorally, a cat in heat exhibits distinct signs. She becomes more vocal, often emitting loud, persistent meows or yowls to attract potential mates. This vocalization can be particularly noticeable during nighttime. Additionally, she may display increased affection, rubbing against objects, people, or other animals more frequently. Restlessness is another common trait, as the cat may pace, roll on the floor, or assume a mating posture, characterized by raising her hindquarters and moving her tail to the side. This posture signals her readiness to mate.
Physically, the cat’s body undergoes changes to facilitate reproduction. Her vulva may appear slightly swollen, and she may produce a clear or slightly bloody discharge. However, unlike some animals, cats do not experience a visible menstrual flow. The heightened estrogen levels also lead to increased blood flow to the reproductive organs, further preparing the body for potential fertilization.
If the cat mates during this period, ovulation is induced, meaning the release of eggs from the ovaries occurs in response to mating. If fertilization is successful, pregnancy begins, and the heat cycle ceases. If mating does not occur, the cat will go out of heat temporarily, but the cycle will repeat shortly afterward. This pattern can continue until the cat either becomes pregnant or is spayed. Prolonged heat cycles without mating can lead to stress, weight loss, and other health issues, making spaying a recommended option for cats not intended for breeding.