What feline infections are transmissible to people? - briefly
Several feline infections, such as toxoplasmosis, cat scratch disease, and ringworm, can be transmitted to humans through direct contact or contaminated environments.
What feline infections are transmissible to people? - in detail
Several feline infections can be transmitted to humans, posing potential health risks. One of the most well-known zoonotic diseases is toxoplasmosis, caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Humans can become infected through contact with contaminated cat feces, undercooked meat, or contaminated soil. While many individuals experience mild or no symptoms, toxoplasmosis can be severe for pregnant women or immunocompromised individuals, potentially leading to miscarriage, neurological issues, or vision problems. Another notable infection is cat scratch disease (CSD), caused by the bacterium Bartonella henselae. Transmission occurs when a person is scratched or bitten by an infected cat, leading to swollen lymph nodes, fever, and fatigue. In rare cases, complications such as encephalopathy or endocarditis can arise. Ringworm, a fungal infection caused by Microsporum canis, is also transmissible from cats to humans through direct contact with infected skin or fur. It manifests as circular, itchy rashes on the skin. Salmonellosis, a bacterial infection caused by Salmonella species, can be transmitted through contact with contaminated cat feces or handling raw pet food. Symptoms in humans include diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps. Additionally, rabies, a fatal viral disease, can be transmitted to humans through the bite or scratch of an infected cat. While rare in regions with effective vaccination programs, rabies remains a significant concern in areas with high prevalence. Campylobacteriosis, caused by Campylobacter bacteria, is another zoonotic infection that can spread through contact with infected cat feces, leading to gastrointestinal symptoms in humans. Giardiasis, caused by the parasite Giardia duodenalis, can be transmitted through contaminated water or surfaces, resulting in diarrhea and abdominal discomfort. Preventive measures, such as regular handwashing, proper hygiene when handling cat litter, and ensuring cats receive routine veterinary care, are essential to minimize the risk of transmission. Understanding these infections and their modes of transmission is crucial for safeguarding both feline and human health.