What does periodontal disease look like in cats? - briefly
Periodontal disease in cats typically presents with visible symptoms such as reddened gums, bad breath, and loose or missing teeth. In advanced stages, the cat may exhibit pain when eating or chewing, leading to decreased appetite and weight loss.
What does periodontal disease look like in cats? - in detail
Periodontal disease is a common oral health issue in cats, affecting approximately 70% of them by the time they reach three years of age. This progressive condition begins with the buildup of plaque and tartar on the teeth, which can lead to inflammation and infection of the gums (gingivitis) and other supporting structures of the teeth (periodontitis).
In its early stages, periodontal disease may not be readily apparent. However, as it progresses, several visible signs become more evident:
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Bad Breath: One of the most noticeable symptoms is halitosis or bad breath. This is often one of the first indicators that something is amiss with your cat's oral health.
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Red and Swollen Gums: The gums may appear redder than usual and can be swollen or inflamed. This is a clear sign of gingivitis, which is the initial stage of periodontal disease.
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Bleeding Gums: When the gums are touched or brushed, they might bleed easily. This is another indicator of inflammation and infection.
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Tartar Buildup: Tartar, a hardened form of plaque, appears as a yellowish-brown deposit on the teeth, typically near the gum line. This buildup can be quite visible and is a sure sign of periodontal disease.
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Plaque Accumulation: Before tartar forms, plaque—a thin, colorless film of bacteria—develops on the tooth surface. While it may not be immediately noticeable, plaque can eventually lead to more visible issues like tartar and gingivitis.
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Loose or Missing Teeth: In advanced stages of periodontal disease, the supporting structures of the teeth (periodontal ligament and alveolar bone) can become damaged, leading to loose or missing teeth.
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Difficulty Eating: Cats with severe periodontal disease may experience pain when eating, which can result in a decreased appetite or changes in their eating habits.
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Pawing at the Mouth: Some cats may paw at their mouths or rub their faces on surfaces as a response to oral discomfort caused by periodontal disease.
Regular veterinary check-ups and dental cleanings are essential for maintaining your cat's oral health and preventing the progression of periodontal disease. If you notice any of these signs, it is crucial to consult with a veterinarian who can provide appropriate treatment and guidance on how to manage this condition effectively.