What does it mean if a cat has elevated hematocrit? - briefly
Elevated hematocrit in a cat typically indicates dehydration, polycythemia, or a condition causing reduced plasma volume, and requires veterinary evaluation to determine the underlying cause.
What does it mean if a cat has elevated hematocrit? - in detail
Elevated hematocrit in a cat, also known as polycythemia, indicates an increased proportion of red blood cells in the blood. This condition can result from several underlying causes, which may be physiological or pathological. One common cause is dehydration, where the reduction in plasma volume leads to a relative increase in red blood cell concentration. In such cases, the hematocrit level normalizes once hydration is restored. Another potential cause is chronic hypoxia, often associated with heart or lung diseases, which stimulates the production of erythropoietin, a hormone that increases red blood cell production. Polycythemia vera, a rare bone marrow disorder, can also lead to elevated hematocrit due to uncontrolled red blood cell production. Additionally, certain tumors, such as renal or adrenal gland tumors, may secrete erythropoietin inappropriately, causing an abnormal rise in red blood cell levels. Elevated hematocrit can increase blood viscosity, potentially leading to complications such as reduced blood flow, thrombosis, or organ damage. Diagnosis involves a thorough evaluation of the cat’s medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests, including complete blood count, serum chemistry, and imaging studies. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include fluid therapy, phlebotomy, or medications to reduce red blood cell production. Early identification and management are essential to prevent severe complications and ensure the cat’s well-being.