What does FIP mean in cats? - briefly
Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) is a severe and often fatal viral disease in cats caused by a mutation of the feline coronavirus. It primarily affects younger cats and can manifest in two forms: wet (effusive) and dry (non-effusive).
What does FIP mean in cats? - in detail
Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) is a severe and often fatal viral disease that affects cats, caused by a mutation of the feline coronavirus (FCoV). While many cats are exposed to feline coronavirus, typically through fecal-oral transmission, most experience only mild or asymptomatic infections. However, in some cases, the virus mutates within the cat’s body, leading to the development of FIP. This mutation allows the virus to replicate uncontrollably, triggering an intense inflammatory response that damages tissues and organs. FIP manifests in two primary forms: the "wet" (effusive) form, characterized by fluid accumulation in body cavities such as the abdomen or chest, and the "dry" (non-effusive) form, which involves granulomatous lesions in organs like the liver, kidneys, or brain. Symptoms can vary widely but often include fever, lethargy, weight loss, jaundice, and neurological or ocular abnormalities. Diagnosis is challenging due to the lack of definitive tests, requiring a combination of clinical signs, laboratory findings, and imaging. Historically, FIP was considered untreatable, but recent advancements, such as antiviral drugs like GS-441524 and remdesivir, have shown promise in managing the disease. Despite these developments, FIP remains a complex and devastating condition, emphasizing the importance of early detection and supportive care. Preventive measures include minimizing stress, maintaining hygiene to reduce coronavirus exposure, and avoiding overcrowding in multi-cat environments. Research continues to improve understanding, diagnostics, and treatments for this enigmatic disease.