What do cats like about catnip? - briefly
Cats are drawn to catnip due to its unique scent and chemical composition. The active ingredient in catnip, nepetalactone, triggers a euphoric response in many felines, making them playful and affectionate.
What do cats like about catnip? - in detail
Cats are known for their unique preferences and behaviors, one of which is their attraction to catnip. Catnip, scientifically known as Nepeta cataria, is a perennial herb that belongs to the mint family. Its appeal to felines lies in a specific compound found within the plant—nepetalactone. When cats encounter catnip, they often exhibit a range of behaviors that can seem quite amusing and intriguing to humans.
The primary mechanism behind this attraction is olfactory. Cats possess an organ called the vomeronasal organ (or Jacobson's organ) located on the roof of their mouth, which detects pheromones and other scent molecules. When a cat comes into contact with nepetalactone, it triggers a response in this organ, sending signals to the brain that result in various behaviors.
One of the most common responses is rolling or rubbing against the catnip-infused object. This action helps to release more of the essential oil, amplifying the cat's exposure and pleasure. Other typical behaviors include sniffing, licking, chewing, drooling, and even purring. Some cats may exhibit more intense reactions, such as jumping, chasing imaginary objects, or becoming hyperactive.
The effects of catnip are not universal among all felines; approximately 50-65% of cats respond to it. The sensitivity to nepetalactone is believed to be hereditary and can vary by breed. For instance, Bengal cats are known for their strong reaction to catnip. Kittens under six months old typically do not respond to catnip as their olfactory receptors are not yet fully developed.
The duration of the effect is also variable. After initial exposure, a cat may become temporarily desensitized and will not react to catnip for about two hours. However, this period can be much longer in some cases, lasting up to 24 hours or more.
In conclusion, cats are drawn to catnip due to the potent effects of nepetalactone on their olfactory system. This compound stimulates various behaviors that seem pleasurable and enriching for felines, making catnip a popular tool among pet owners seeking to engage and entertain their feline companions.