What causes tartar in cats' teeth? - briefly
Tartar in cats' teeth, also known as dental calculus, is primarily caused by the mineralization of plaque. This occurs when bacteria in the mouth combine with saliva and food particles, forming a sticky film that hardens over time.
What causes tartar in cats' teeth? - in detail
Tartar in cats' teeth, also known as calculus, is a common dental issue that can lead to more serious health problems if left untreated. Understanding the factors that contribute to its formation is essential for maintaining feline oral health. Tartar is essentially hardened plaque, which is a sticky film of bacteria that constantly forms on teeth. When plaque is not removed through regular brushing or professional cleaning, it mineralizes and turns into tartar. This process is facilitated by several key factors.
Firstly, diet significantly influences the development of tartar. Cats that consume soft, moist food are more prone to tartar buildup compared to those fed a diet of dry kibble. Soft food tends to stick to the teeth, providing a conducive environment for bacterial growth. Dry food, on the other hand, has a natural abrasive effect that helps to mechanically clean the teeth during chewing. Additionally, certain types of treats and dental chews are designed to reduce plaque and tartar accumulation by promoting chewing and saliva production, which naturally cleans the teeth.
Secondly, genetics and breed predispositions can affect tartar formation. Some cat breeds, such as the Abyssinian and Siamese, are more genetically inclined to dental issues, including tartar buildup. Regular dental check-ups and cleanings are particularly important for these breeds to prevent excessive tartar accumulation.
Oral hygiene practices are another critical factor. Regular teeth brushing with a cat-specific toothpaste can significantly reduce plaque and tartar buildup. However, many cat owners find it challenging to brush their cats' teeth regularly. In such cases, professional dental cleanings by a veterinarian are necessary to remove existing tartar and prevent further buildup.
Saliva composition and flow also contribute to tartar formation. Cats with reduced saliva flow or altered saliva composition may be more susceptible to tartar. Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes and kidney disease, can affect saliva production and quality, thereby increasing the risk of dental issues.
Age is another factor to consider. Older cats are more likely to have tartar due to years of plaque accumulation and potential neglect of dental care. Regular dental care from a young age can help prevent tartar buildup and maintain oral health throughout a cat's life.
Environmental factors, such as water quality and diet, can also influence tartar formation. For instance, cats drinking hard water may be more prone to tartar buildup due to the minerals present in the water. Ensuring access to clean, filtered water can help mitigate this risk.
In summary, tartar in cats' teeth is a result of a combination of dietary habits, genetic predispositions, oral hygiene practices, saliva composition, age, and environmental factors. Regular dental care, including professional cleanings and appropriate dietary choices, is essential for preventing and managing tartar buildup in cats. Cat owners should consult with their veterinarians to develop a comprehensive dental care plan tailored to their pet's specific needs.