What causes jaundice in cats? - briefly
Jaundice in cats is often caused by liver disease or blood disorders. Common culprits include hepatic lipidosis, liver cancer, and hemolytic anemia.
What causes jaundice in cats? - in detail
Jaundice in cats, characterized by yellowing of the skin and mucous membranes, is often indicative of an underlying issue within the cat's body. This condition arises due to the accumulation of bilirubin, a product of red blood cell breakdown, which is typically excreted through the liver and into the bile ducts. When jaundice occurs in cats, it can be attributed to several causes, each requiring prompt veterinary attention.
One common cause of jaundice in cats is hepatic lipidosis, a condition where fat accumulates in the liver, impairing its function. This often results from the cat's body breaking down fat reserves due to prolonged anorexia or stress. Other causes related to liver dysfunction include infectious diseases such as feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) and hepatic lymphoma, both of which can disrupt normal liver function and lead to bilirubin buildup.
Additionally, hemolytic anemia can contribute to jaundice in cats. This condition involves the premature destruction of red blood cells, leading to increased bilirubin production that the liver may struggle to process effectively. Certain medications, toxins, or congenital defects like pyruvate kinase deficiency can also induce hemolytic anemia in cats.
Obstructions within the bile duct system are another significant cause of jaundice in felines. These obstructions can be due to gallstones, pancreatitis, or neoplasms that block the flow of bile from the liver to the intestines. Such blockages prevent bilirubin excretion, resulting in its buildup and subsequent yellowing of the cat's tissues.
Moreover, certain infectious agents such as feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) can cause jaundice by directly affecting liver function or inducing immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. These viruses weaken the cat's immune system, making it more susceptible to various diseases that may lead to jaundice.
In summary, the causes of jaundice in cats are multifaceted and can range from liver disease and hemolytic anemia to bile duct obstructions and infectious agents. Prompt diagnosis and treatment by a veterinarian are crucial for addressing the underlying issue and mitigating potential complications.