What can a cat transmit to a human? - briefly
Cats can transmit several diseases and parasites to humans, including toxoplasmosis, which is particularly harmful to pregnant women and individuals with compromised immune systems. Additionally, cats may carry zoonotic bacteria such as Bartonella henselae, the cause of cat-scratch disease.
What can a cat transmit to a human? - in detail
Cats, as beloved pets, can transmit several diseases and conditions to humans through direct contact, indirect exposure to their feces, or via bites and scratches. One of the most well-known zoonotic diseases transmitted by cats is toxoplasmosis, caused by the Toxoplasma gondii parasite. This condition can lead to flu-like symptoms in immunocompetent individuals but may cause serious health issues for pregnant women and those with compromised immune systems.
Another concern is cat-scratch disease (CSD), which is contracted through a scratch or bite from an infected cat. CSD often results in swollen lymph nodes and can lead to more severe complications, such as encephalopathy, in children and immunocompromised individuals.
Bartonellosis, also known as "cat-scratch fever," is another bacterial infection that cats can transmit through their bites or scratches. This disease often presents with symptoms like fever, fatigue, and swollen lymph nodes.
Additionally, cats can act as carriers for certain types of bacteria, such as Salmonella and Campylobacter, which can cause gastrointestinal illness in humans. These bacteria are typically transmitted through contact with contaminated cat feces or litter boxes.
Furthermore, cats can transmit parasites like hookworms and roundworms to humans, especially children who play in areas where cats have defecated. While rare, these parasitic infections can cause skin irritations, intestinal problems, and even blindness if the larvae migrate to the eye area.
In conclusion, while cats make wonderful companions, it is essential for owners to practice good hygiene, regularly deworm their pets, and seek prompt medical attention if they experience symptoms after coming into contact with a cat.