What are the vaccines for feline calicivirus? - briefly
Vaccines for feline calicivirus include modified live virus (MLV) and inactivated vaccines, which are commonly administered as part of core feline vaccination protocols to protect against respiratory and oral diseases.
What are the vaccines for feline calicivirus? - in detail
Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly contagious pathogen that affects cats, causing upper respiratory infections, oral ulcerations, and sometimes more severe systemic disease. Vaccination is a critical tool in preventing FCV infection and reducing its spread. Several vaccines have been developed to protect cats against this virus, each designed to stimulate an immune response without causing illness. The most commonly used vaccines are modified-live virus (MLV) vaccines and inactivated (killed) virus vaccines. Modified-live vaccines contain a weakened form of the virus that can replicate in the host but does not cause disease, eliciting a strong and long-lasting immune response. Inactivated vaccines, on the other hand, contain virus particles that have been chemically treated to render them non-infectious, providing a safer option for immunocompromised or pregnant cats. Both types of vaccines are typically administered as part of a combination vaccine that also protects against feline herpesvirus and feline panleukopenia virus. Core vaccines, including those for FCV, are recommended for all cats, regardless of lifestyle, due to the widespread nature of the virus. Initial vaccination usually begins at 6 to 8 weeks of age, followed by booster shots every 3 to 4 weeks until the kitten is 16 weeks old. Adult cats require regular boosters, typically every 1 to 3 years, depending on the vaccine type and the cat’s risk of exposure. While vaccines are highly effective in reducing the severity of FCV infections, they may not prevent all cases, as the virus exhibits significant genetic variability. Some strains of FCV may evade immunity induced by vaccines, leading to breakthrough infections. However, vaccinated cats generally experience milder symptoms and a lower risk of complications compared to unvaccinated cats. It is essential to follow veterinary guidelines for vaccination schedules and to monitor cats for any adverse reactions, which are rare but can include mild fever, lethargy, or swelling at the injection site. Advances in vaccine technology continue to improve the efficacy and safety of FCV vaccines, contributing to better overall feline health and disease prevention.