What are the ears of a cat called? - briefly
The external ear of a cat is known as the pinna.
What are the ears of a cat called? - in detail
The external ear of a cat, often referred to as the "pinna" or "auricle," is a complex and intricately designed structure that plays a crucial role in the feline's exceptional hearing abilities. The pinna is composed of several key components, each contributing significantly to the cat's auditory capabilities.
The outer portion of the ear is characterized by its distinctive shape, with a prominent base and a rounded tip, which allows for precise directional hearing. This unique form enables cats to pinpoint the exact location of sounds, a skill essential for both hunting and survival in their natural environments. The outer ear also features numerous small hairs, known as vibrissae, which further enhance the cat's ability to detect subtle changes in air currents, providing additional sensory input.
Internally, the pinna is supported by cartilage, which gives it the flexibility and mobility necessary for rapid adjustments in response to sound stimuli. This structural integrity allows cats to swivel their ears independently, a trait that further enhances their ability to localize sounds with remarkable accuracy. The inner surface of the ear is lined with a thin layer of skin, richly supplied with blood vessels, which helps regulate body temperature and contributes to the cat's overall thermal comfort.
Additionally, the base of the pinna houses several important glands, including sebaceous and apocrine glands, which produce secretions that contribute to the cat's distinctive scent. These glands play a vital role in territorial marking and social communication within feline populations. The ear also contains numerous nerve endings and sensory receptors, allowing cats to react swiftly to both auditory and tactile stimuli.
In summary, the ears of a cat are a sophisticated and multifunctional structure, designed to optimize their hearing capabilities and support various physiological functions. The intricate design and anatomical features of the feline ear not only facilitate exceptional auditory acuity but also contribute to their overall sensory perception and survival in diverse environments.