Increased GGT in cats, what does it mean? - briefly
Increased gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels in cats often indicate liver disease or damage. Elevated GGT can also suggest bile duct obstruction or other hepatic issues requiring prompt veterinary attention.
Increased GGT in cats, what does it mean? - in detail
Increased gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels in cats can indicate various underlying health issues. GGT is an enzyme found primarily in the liver and pancreas, with smaller amounts present in other organs such as the kidneys and intestines. Elevated GGT levels often suggest some form of liver or biliary tract disease, although other conditions can also contribute to increased GGT levels.
Liver diseases that commonly cause elevated GGT include hepatic lipidosis, cholangiohepatitis, and hepatic neoplasia. Hepatic lipidosis, a condition where the liver accumulates excessive fat, is often associated with anorexia or sudden dietary changes in cats. Cholangiohepatitis involves inflammation of the bile ducts and can result from bacterial infection or pancreatic disease. Hepatic neoplasia refers to liver tumors, which may be benign or malignant but often require further investigation.
Pancreatic diseases such as pancreatitis can also lead to increased GGT levels in cats. Pancreatitis is characterized by inflammation of the pancreas and can cause vomiting, abdominal pain, and decreased appetite. Other potential causes of elevated GGT include certain medications, toxins, and endocrine disorders like diabetes mellitus or hyperthyroidism.
When a cat presents with increased GGT levels, veterinarians typically perform additional diagnostic tests to determine the underlying cause. These may include a complete blood count (CBC), biochemistry profile, urinalysis, abdominal ultrasound, and possibly a liver biopsy in more complex cases. Treatment will depend on the specific diagnosis and can range from dietary modifications and supportive care for hepatic lipidosis to antibiotic therapy for cholangiohepatitis or surgery for certain types of tumors.
In summary, elevated GGT levels in cats warrant thorough investigation by a veterinarian to identify the root cause. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment can significantly improve the cat's prognosis and overall health outcomes.