I was scratched by a cat, what can I get infected with? - briefly
If you have been scratched by a cat, it is possible to contract infections such as cat-scratch disease (caused by Bartonella henselae) or pasteurellosis (caused by Pasteurella multocida). Immediate cleaning of the wound and monitoring for symptoms are recommended.
I was scratched by a cat, what can I get infected with? - in detail
When you are scratched by a cat, there are several potential infections you should be aware of. Cat scratches can transmit various pathogens, leading to conditions that range from mild to severe.
One of the most common infections associated with cat scratches is cat-scratch disease (CSD). Caused by the bacterium Bartonella henselae, this infection typically results in swollen lymph nodes, fever, and fatigue. The symptoms usually appear 3 to 14 days after the scratch, although they can sometimes take up to six weeks to develop. While most cases resolve on their own within a few months, some individuals may require antibiotic treatment.
Another concern is tetanus. Although rare, tetanus can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. The bacterium Clostridium tetani is often found in soil and can enter the body through a break in the skin, such as a cat scratch. If you have not received a tetanus booster within the last 10 years, it's advisable to get one following the injury.
Pasteurellosis is another infection that can be transmitted by cat scratches. Caused by the bacterium Pasteurella multocida, this infection typically results in a red, painful, and swollen area around the scratch. It may also cause fever and swollen lymph nodes. Pasteurellosis usually responds well to antibiotic treatment.
Lastly, rabies is a serious concern if you are scratched by an infected cat. Rabies is a viral infection that affects the nervous system and can be fatal if not treated promptly. However, rabies transmission through cat scratches is rare. If you suspect the cat may have been infected with rabies, seek medical attention immediately for post-exposure prophylaxis.
To minimize the risk of infection following a cat scratch:
- Clean the wound thoroughly using soap and warm water as soon as possible after the injury.
- Apply an antiseptic to the area to kill any bacteria that may have entered the skin.
- Cover the wound with a sterile bandage or gauze.
- Monitor for signs of infection, such as increased pain, redness, swelling, or fever.
- Seek medical attention if you develop symptoms of an infection or if the scratch was deep and bleeding heavily.
In conclusion, while cat scratches can lead to various infections, prompt and proper wound care can significantly reduce the risk of complications. If you experience persistent or worsening symptoms after a cat scratch, consult a healthcare professional for appropriate evaluation and treatment.