How to properly sterilize cats? - briefly
Sterilizing cats is a common procedure that helps prevent unwanted litters and reduces certain health risks. The process involves a veterinarian surgically removing the cat's ovaries and fallopian tubes (ovariohysterectomy) or testicles (orchiectomy), typically performed under general anesthesia.
How to properly sterilize cats? - in detail
Sterilizing cats is a crucial procedure that not only prevents unwanted litters but also offers numerous health benefits for both male and female cats. This process involves surgical intervention, typically performed by a licensed veterinarian. Here's a detailed guide on how to properly sterilize cats:
Preparation
Before the procedure, it is essential to prepare your cat and your home environment. Cats should not eat for at least 8-12 hours before surgery to minimize the risk of vomiting during anesthesia. Additionally, ensure that your cat's vaccinations are up to date, particularly against rabies and feline distemper.
The Procedure
The sterilization procedure is typically performed under general anesthesia. Here’s what you can expect:
For Female Cats (Spaying)
- Anesthesia: The vet will administer a combination of anesthetics to put your cat into a deep sleep. This ensures that the cat does not feel any pain during the procedure.
- Surgical Incision: A small incision is made in the cat’s abdomen, usually near the belly button.
- Ovariohysterectomy: The vet will carefully remove the ovaries and uterus through this incision. This procedure is called an ovariohysterectomy.
- Closure: The incision is then closed with sutures, which are usually dissolvable.
- Recovery: Your cat will be monitored closely during the recovery process to ensure she wakes up from anesthesia without complications.
For Male Cats (Neutering)
- Anesthesia: Similar to female cats, your male cat will also be put under general anesthesia.
- Surgical Incision: A small incision is made in the scrotum.
- Orchiectomy: The testes are removed through this incision. This procedure is called an orchiectomy.
- Closure: The incision is closed, typically with dissolvable sutures.
- Recovery: Your cat will be monitored during recovery to ensure he wakes up from anesthesia safely.
Post-Operative Care
After the procedure, your vet will provide specific instructions for post-operative care:
- Restrict Activity: Keep your cat calm and limit activity for at least 10-14 days to allow the incision to heal properly.
- Monitor Incision Site: Check the incision site daily for signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, or discharge. Contact your vet if you notice any of these symptoms.
- Prevent Licking: Cats may try to lick their incision sites, which can delay healing and introduce bacteria. An Elizabethan collar (e-collar) can be used to prevent this.
- Follow-Up Care: Attend all scheduled follow-up appointments to ensure your cat is healing correctly.
Benefits of Sterilization
Sterilizing your cat offers numerous health and behavioral benefits:
- Prevents Unwanted Litters: Sterilization prevents female cats from having unwanted litters, which helps control the pet population.
- Reduces Health Risks: Spaying and neutering can reduce the risk of certain cancers and infections, such as pyometra in females and testicular cancer in males.
- Improves Behavior: Neutered male cats are less likely to spray urine or exhibit aggressive behavior. Spayed female cats do not go into heat, which reduces vocalization and attracting unwanted males.
Conclusion
Sterilizing your cat is a responsible decision that offers lifelong benefits for both the pet and the community. By following these steps and working closely with your veterinarian, you can ensure a safe and successful procedure.