How to find out rabies in cats? - briefly
Rabies is difficult to diagnose in cats without laboratory testing. If you suspect your cat may have rabies, contact your veterinarian immediately for guidance and potential testing.
How to find out rabies in cats? - in detail
To determine if a cat has rabies, several steps should be taken due to the severe and often fatal nature of this viral infection. Rabies is a zoonotic disease, meaning it can be transmitted from animals to humans, making prompt diagnosis crucial for both animal and public health.
Firstly, observe the cat's behavior for any signs of neurological symptoms that may indicate rabies. Common symptoms include:
- Aggression or irritability
- Lethargy and weakness
- Paralysis, especially in the hind limbs
- Excessive drooling or difficulty swallowing
- Changes in vocalization patterns
- Disorientation or seizures
If any of these symptoms are present, it is vital to approach the cat with caution. Rabies can be transmitted through saliva, so direct contact should be avoided without proper protective measures.
Next, consult a veterinarian immediately. A professional will be able to perform a thorough physical examination and rule out other potential causes of these symptoms. The vet may also order laboratory tests to confirm the diagnosis. However, it is important to note that rabies testing can only be performed posthumously in some cases due to the risk of transmission during sample collection.
The most reliable method for diagnosing rabies is the direct fluorescent antibody test (dFAT) on brain tissue samples. This test identifies the presence of the rabies virus antigen in neurons. If a cat has died or been euthanized, the brain can be examined under a microscope to detect the rabies virus.
In some cases, the rapid immunodiagnostic test (RIDT) may be used for ante-mortem diagnosis. This test involves collecting saliva samples from the cat and sending them to a specialized laboratory. While this method is less invasive than brain tissue analysis, it is not as definitive and should be interpreted with caution.
If rabies is suspected, public health authorities should also be notified promptly. They can provide guidance on quarantine measures, contact tracing, and vaccination for potential human exposures. It is crucial to follow all recommended safety protocols to minimize the risk of transmission.
In conclusion, detecting rabies in cats requires a combination of behavioral observation, veterinary consultation, and laboratory testing. Prompt action and adherence to safety guidelines are essential to protect both animal and human health.