How to check a cat for leukemia? - briefly
To check a cat for leukemia, a veterinarian typically performs a blood test, such as an ELISA or IFA, to detect the presence of the feline leukemia virus (FeLV) antigens.
How to check a cat for leukemia? - in detail
To determine whether a cat has feline leukemia virus (FeLV), a veterinarian will typically perform a series of diagnostic tests. The most common initial test is an ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), which detects the presence of FeLV antigens in the cat’s blood. This test can be performed in a veterinary clinic and provides rapid results, often within minutes. If the ELISA test is positive, a confirmatory test such as an IFA (immunofluorescence assay) or PCR (polymerase chain reaction) may be recommended. The IFA test identifies infected white blood cells under a microscope, while PCR detects viral DNA in the blood, offering a highly accurate diagnosis. These confirmatory tests are usually conducted in specialized laboratories. In some cases, a bone marrow biopsy may be necessary if the virus is suspected to have infiltrated deeper tissues. Regular testing is advised for cats at risk, such as those with outdoor access or exposure to infected cats. Early detection is crucial for managing the disease, as FeLV can weaken the immune system and lead to secondary infections or other complications. Treatment focuses on supportive care, as there is no cure for FeLV, but antiviral medications and immune-boosting therapies may help improve the cat’s quality of life. Vaccination is the most effective preventive measure, and all cats should be tested before vaccination to ensure they are not already infected. Monitoring the cat’s health through regular veterinary check-ups and blood tests is essential for managing the condition and ensuring the best possible outcome.