How long does feline leukemia virus live? - briefly
The feline leukemia virus can survive outside a host for up to a few hours, but it is highly susceptible to drying and common disinfectants.
How long does feline leukemia virus live? - in detail
The feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is a retrovirus that affects cats, and its survival outside the host depends on various environmental factors. In general, FeLV is relatively fragile and does not persist for long periods in the environment. The virus can survive for a few hours to a maximum of 48 hours under optimal conditions. It thrives in moist environments and at moderate temperatures, but it is highly susceptible to drying, heat, and exposure to common disinfectants. Direct sunlight and ultraviolet (UV) radiation can rapidly inactivate the virus. In indoor environments, FeLV can remain viable on surfaces such as food bowls, litter boxes, or bedding for a short time, but it is easily destroyed by thorough cleaning and the use of appropriate disinfectants. The virus is primarily transmitted through close contact between cats, such as mutual grooming, sharing food or water bowls, or through saliva during bites. It can also be spread via nasal secretions, urine, feces, and milk from infected mothers to their kittens. Because FeLV is not highly stable outside the host, environmental contamination is less of a concern compared to direct cat-to-cat transmission. However, maintaining a clean and disinfected environment is still crucial in multi-cat households or shelters to minimize the risk of exposure. Regular testing, vaccination, and isolation of infected cats are essential strategies to control the spread of FeLV. Understanding the virus's limited survival time outside the host helps in implementing effective preventive measures to protect feline populations.