How is cat allergy checked? - briefly
Cat allergy is typically diagnosed through a skin prick test or a blood test that measures specific antibodies to cat allergens.
How is cat allergy checked? - in detail
Cat allergy is typically diagnosed through a combination of medical history evaluation, physical examination, and specific allergy tests. The process begins with a detailed discussion of symptoms, such as sneezing, itchy eyes, nasal congestion, or skin reactions, which occur after exposure to cats. A healthcare provider may inquire about the frequency and severity of these symptoms, as well as any family history of allergies. Following this, a physical examination is conducted to assess signs of allergic reactions, such as nasal inflammation or skin rashes.
To confirm a cat allergy, two primary types of tests are commonly used: skin prick tests and blood tests. In a skin prick test, a small amount of cat allergen extract is applied to the skin, usually on the forearm or back, and the area is gently pricked to allow the allergen to penetrate. If a person is allergic, a raised, red bump (wheal) will appear at the test site within 15–20 minutes, indicating an immune response.
Alternatively, a blood test, such as the ImmunoCAP test, measures the level of specific antibodies (IgE) produced in response to cat allergens. This test is particularly useful for individuals who cannot undergo skin testing due to skin conditions, medication use, or other medical reasons. Both tests are highly reliable and provide clear evidence of a cat allergy.
In some cases, an elimination trial may be recommended, where the individual avoids contact with cats for a period to observe if symptoms improve. This approach, combined with test results, helps confirm the diagnosis. Once a cat allergy is identified, the healthcare provider may discuss management options, including allergen avoidance strategies, medications, or immunotherapy, to reduce sensitivity over time.