How is calicivirus infection transmitted in cats? - briefly
Calicivirus infection in cats is primarily transmitted through direct contact with infected individuals or contaminated surfaces. The virus can also be spread indirectly through shared food and water bowls.
How is calicivirus infection transmitted in cats? - in detail
Calicivirus infection in cats, also known as feline calicivirus (FCV), is highly contagious and can be transmitted through various routes. The primary mode of transmission is direct contact with infected cats or their secretions. This can occur during social interactions such as grooming, sharing food and water bowls, or even through casual contact like rubbing against each other.
FCV is also spread indirectly through contaminated environments. The virus can survive on surfaces for several days, making it possible for cats to contract the infection by coming into contact with objects that have been exposed to the virus. Common fomites include bedding, litter trays, toys, and other items that infected cats have recently touched or used.
Additionally, FCV can be transmitted through the air via aerosols generated from coughing or sneezing by infected cats. These respiratory droplets can carry the virus and infect other cats within close proximity. The virus is quite resilient and can remain infectious in the environment for an extended period, posing a significant risk to uninfected cats.
Furthermore, vertical transmission from mother to kittens can occur during pregnancy or birth. Pregnant queens infected with FCV may give birth to kittens that are either stillborn or born with symptoms of the infection. This underscores the importance of maintaining a healthy environment and monitoring the health status of all cats in a household, especially pregnant ones.
In summary, feline calicivirus is transmitted through direct contact with infected cats, indirectly through contaminated surfaces and objects, via airborne respiratory droplets, and from mother to offspring during pregnancy or birth. Understanding these transmission routes is crucial for implementing effective preventive measures and controlling the spread of FCV in feline populations.