How is a cat allergy diagnosed? - briefly
A cat allergy is typically diagnosed through a combination of medical history evaluation, physical examination, and specific allergy tests such as skin prick tests or blood tests to detect IgE antibodies.
How is a cat allergy diagnosed? - in detail
A cat allergy is diagnosed through a combination of medical history evaluation, physical examination, and specific allergy tests. The process begins with a detailed discussion of symptoms and their patterns, such as sneezing, runny nose, itchy eyes, or skin rashes that occur after exposure to cats. The healthcare provider will inquire about the frequency and duration of these symptoms, as well as any family history of allergies or asthma. A physical examination may be conducted to assess signs of allergic reactions, such as nasal inflammation or skin irritation. To confirm the diagnosis, allergy testing is typically performed. Skin prick testing is a common method, where a small amount of cat allergen extract is applied to the skin, usually on the forearm or back, and the area is gently pricked. If a raised, red bump develops within 15-20 minutes, it indicates a positive reaction to the allergen. Alternatively, a blood test, such as the ImmunoCAP test, may be used to measure the level of specific IgE antibodies to cat allergens in the blood. Both tests are reliable, but the choice depends on factors like the patient’s age, medical history, and skin condition. In some cases, an elimination trial may be recommended, where the individual avoids contact with cats for a period to observe if symptoms improve. This approach can provide additional confirmation. The results of these diagnostic steps help healthcare providers determine whether a cat allergy is present and guide the development of an appropriate management plan.