How does plague manifest in cats, what are the signs of the disease? - briefly
Plague in cats typically presents with fever, lethargy, swollen lymph nodes, and respiratory distress, often due to bacterial infection from Yersinia pestis.
How does plague manifest in cats, what are the signs of the disease? - in detail
Plague in cats, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, manifests through a range of clinical signs that vary depending on the form of the disease. The three primary forms are bubonic, septicemic, and pneumonic plague. In the bubonic form, cats often develop swollen, painful lymph nodes, known as buboes, typically in the submandibular, cervical, or inguinal regions. These swellings may rupture, leading to open sores. Cats may also exhibit fever, lethargy, anorexia, and dehydration. The septicemic form occurs when the infection spreads into the bloodstream, causing systemic symptoms such as high fever, weakness, vomiting, diarrhea, and shock. In severe cases, the mucous membranes may appear discolored, and the cat may experience bleeding disorders. The pneumonic form, which results from respiratory infection, is characterized by coughing, difficulty breathing, nasal discharge, and rapid deterioration of health. Cats with pneumonic plague are highly contagious and can transmit the bacteria through respiratory droplets. Additionally, cats may show signs of pain, reluctance to move, and abdominal discomfort due to organ involvement. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are critical, as untreated plague can be fatal. Veterinarians typically rely on clinical signs, history of exposure to rodents or fleas, and laboratory tests such as blood cultures or PCR to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment involves antibiotics like doxycycline or enrofloxacin, supportive care, and isolation to prevent transmission to humans or other animals. Preventive measures include controlling flea infestations and minimizing exposure to rodents, which are primary carriers of Yersinia pestis.