How does an anthelmintic work on a cat? - briefly
An anthelmintic works on a cat by either paralyzing or killing the worms present in its intestines, making it easier for the body to expel them naturally during defecation. This is typically achieved through disrupting the worm's nervous system or altering its metabolism, ensuring the parasites can no longer survive within the cat's digestive tract.
How does an anthelmintic work on a cat? - in detail
Anthelmintics, also known as dewormers, are medications designed to eliminate parasitic worms from cats. Their mode of action can be categorized into three main types: paralytic, toxic, and inhibitory.
Paralytic anthelmintics, such as pyrantel, work by stimulating the nervous system of the parasite, causing it to contract uncontrollably and eventually die. This is achieved through the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that triggers muscle contractions in the worm. The continuous contraction leads to energy depletion and death of the parasite.
Toxic anthelmintics, like fenbendazole, directly damage the worm's cells or tissues. They interfere with essential metabolic processes within the worm, leading to its death. These medications are often broad-spectrum, affecting a variety of worm types.
Inhibitory anthelmintics, such as ivermectin, prevent the parasite from attaching to or moving within the host's tissues. They disrupt the worm's ability to feed and reproduce, ultimately causing its death. Ivermectin, for example, binds to specific receptors in the worm's nervous system, paralyzing it and preventing further infestation.
Regardless of the type, anthelmintics must be administered carefully to ensure their effectiveness and safety. Dosage should be based on the cat's weight and the type of parasite present. It is crucial to follow veterinary recommendations to avoid potential side effects or resistance development in worm populations.
In summary, anthelmintics work by either paralyzing, poisoning, or inhibiting the functions of intestinal worms in cats. Understanding these mechanisms helps in selecting the appropriate treatment and ensuring the health and well-being of feline companions.