How does a cat get nauseous? - briefly
A cat can become nauseous due to various factors such as ingesting toxic substances or experiencing motion sickness during car rides. Additionally, changes in diet or eating spoiled food can also trigger nausea in cats.
How does a cat get nauseous? - in detail
Nausea in cats, much like in humans, is a complex response involving both the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. The process typically begins with the detection of various stimuli that can trigger the sensation of nausea. These stimuli can be categorized into several groups:
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Neural Stimuli: Certain conditions such as motion sickness, inner ear infections, or brain tumors can disrupt the balance and equilibrium centers in the brain, leading to nausea. In cats, motion sickness is a common cause of nausea, often resulting from car rides or other forms of transportation.
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Gastrointestinal Stimuli: Issues within the digestive system itself can also provoke feelings of nausea. These include gastrointestinal infections, inflammation, ulcers, and obstructions. For instance, hairballs are a frequent cause of nausea in cats, as they can block the intestines and trigger vomiting.
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Metabolic Stimuli: Abnormalities in metabolism, such as kidney failure or liver disease, can release toxins into the bloodstream that may induce nausea. Hormonal imbalances, including those related to diabetes or thyroid disorders, can also contribute to feelings of nausea.
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Chemical Stimuli: Ingestion of toxic substances, such as certain plants, medications, or poisons, can irritate the stomach lining and induce nausea. Cats are particularly susceptible to poisoning from household chemicals, human medications, and certain types of foods that are harmful to them.
Once the stimulus is detected, a complex series of neural and hormonal signals are initiated. The vagus nerve, which connects the brain to the stomach, plays a crucial role in transmitting these signals. When activated, the vagus nerve triggers the release of various neurotransmitters and hormones that prepare the body for vomiting. These include serotonin, dopamine, and gastrin, among others.
The next stage involves the relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter, which allows stomach contents to be regurgitated. Simultaneously, the stomach muscles contract rhythmically in a process known as reverse peristalsis, pushing the contents upwards. The abdominal muscles also contract forcefully, aiding in the expulsion of the stomach's contents.
In cats, nausea is often accompanied by other symptoms such as decreased appetite, lethargy, and changes in behavior. It is essential to note that while occasional bouts of nausea can be normal, persistent or severe episodes require immediate veterinary attention. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for preventing complications and ensuring the cat's overall health and well-being.